Obtaining PESEL Numbers for Foreign Nationals
Until now, foreign nationals residing abroad could generally apply through an attorney-in-fact with a power of attorney and certified copy of an identity document.
As of 1 January 2026, foreign nationals from certain countries, particularly those outside Europe, will be required to appear in person at the competent office to obtain a PESEL number. Applications submitted through an attorney-in-fact will no longer be permitted for this group. This may necessitate travel to Poland and, where applicable, the involvement of a sworn translator.
Corporate Relevance
Powszechny Elektroniczny System Ewidencji Ludności (PESEL) is Poland’s national identification number, a unique 11-digit personal ID assigned to citizens and certain foreigners. A PESEL number is necessary in particular to:
- File financial statements electronically (if disclosed in the National Court Register (KRS));
- Sign and submit certain tax declarations or notifications;
- Use a qualified electronic signature (once assigned).
After assignment, the PESEL number must also be disclosed in the KRS and in the Central Register of Beneficial Owners (CRBR). This is especially relevant for companies with foreign capital whose management boards consist of foreign nationals.
Scope of Application
The personal appearance requirement applies to foreign nationals who are not:
- Citizens of an EU Member State, EFTA Member State (EEA), or Switzerland, or their family members;
- Eligible UK nationals who exercised EU residence or cross-border worker rights before the end of the transition period and continue to do so, or their family members.
An exception applies to children born in Poland.
How to Apply?
PESEL applications submitted before 1 January 2026
- Prepare a power of attorney and supporting documentation.
- Submit the PESEL application to the competent Polish authority through the appointed representative.
- Upon issuance, register the PESEL number with the National Court Register (KRS), where applicable.
PESEL Applications
Submitted from 1 January 2026 onwards
- Schedule an appointment with the competent Polish municipal office.
- Appear in person to submit the PESEL application (representation by attorney-in-fact no longer permitted for the affected individuals).
- Upon issuance, complete the required KRS filings to disclose the PESEL number, where applicable.
Instructions on how to complete PESEL number application are available here.